All About Scaffolding

8.Ladder: Scaffold ladder gives safe access to different levels of a scaffold to the worker to move in scaffold safely.

Types of ladders used in scaffold

1. Hook on ladder: This ladder hook scaffold rungs or ledgers for secure attachement.
   • Standards: IS 3696, OSHA 1926.1053, BS EN 131
2. Stairway Ladder: Used in high rise Scaffolding or where frequent movement is required.
   • Standards: IS 4014, BS EN 12811, OSHA 1926.1052
3. Portable Extension Ladder: Secured with clamps or ties, leaned against the scaffold and must extend at least 1 meter above the working platform.
   • Standards: IS 4567, OSHA 1926.1053, BS EN 131.
4. Built in ladder ( H Frame Scaffolding): This ladder scaffolding pre fabricated in the H frames
   • Standards: BS EN 12810, OSHA 1926.451

Scaffold Ladder Safety Points:

• Ladder angle must be 4:1 ratio or 0.25 m base distance : 1 m rise.
• If Ladder is over 2 m in height than handrails must required.
• Ladder must be securely tie to prevent slipping.
• Extension ladder must be extend above 3 feet or 1 m above the platform.
• Ladder must support at least 250kg weight.
• Rungs should have grip surfaces or anti slip treads.
• Use guardrails or self closing gates at entry points.
• Space between rungs is between 250-300 mm as per IS and OSHA

9. Scaffold Tag: A scaffold tag is color coded tag used to indicate the status of a scaffold.

Types of scaffold tags

1. Green tags – “Safe for use”
   • It show it is inspected and safe to use
   • It should be displayed at entry point
   • It should mentions:
     • Inspection date and Next due date.
     • Inspector’s name and signature.
     • Load Capacity.
   • Standards: OSHA 1926.451, IS 3696, BS EN 12811
2. Yellow Tag -“Caution/In Progress”
   • It show it is incomplete or under maintenance.
   • It is used for ongoing work, modification or re-inspection.
   • Standards: OSHA 1926.451, IS 4014, BS EN 12811
3. Red Tag – “Do Not Use”
   • It show it is not to safe for use.
   • When to use incase of missing guardrails, bracing , or planks.
   • Standards: OSHA 1926.451, IS 2750, BS EN 12811

10. Top Rail: Top Rail purpose is to prevents worker from falling off the scaffold.

• Height Should be 950-1200 mm (3.1 – 4 ft) Above the platform.
• Standards IS 3696 (Part 2), OSHA 1926.451(g), BS EN 13374

11. Mid Rail: Mid rail purpose is to fill the gap between top rail and platform, preventing slips and tool falls.

• Height should be 450- 600 mm ( 1.5 – 2 ft) from the platform.
• Standards IS 4014, OSHA 1926.451(g), BS EN 13374

12. Toe Board: Toe board purpose is to prevent tools, materials and debris falling from scaffold.

• Height should be at least 150 mm (6 inches).
• Standards: IS 3696 (part 2), OSHA 1926.452 (h), BS EN 13374